Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid found abundantly in the brain, muscles, heart, and retina. Unlike most amino acids, it is not used to build proteins but plays various roles in physiological functions such as bile salt formation, calcium signaling, and antioxidation.
In sports nutrition, taurine is frequently added to energy drinks and performance supplements due to its potential to support endurance, reduce muscle fatigue, and improve focus during intense physical activity. It also has a role in electrolyte balance and cellular hydration, important during prolonged or high-intensity workouts.
While the body can synthesize taurine from methionine and cysteine, dietary intake from animal-based sources or supplementation may be beneficial under high physical stress or in vegetarian athletes.
Synonyms:
2-aminoethanesulfonic acid
Benefits:
- Supports endurance and delays fatigue
- Promotes muscle recovery and reduces oxidative stress
- Contributes to hydration and electrolyte balance
- May enhance cognitive focus and reaction time during exercise
Sources:
Found naturally in meat, fish, dairy; also produced synthetically for supplements.
Observations:
Commonly dosed between 500–2000 mg per serving in energy and pre-workout supplements. Generally safe, but excessive intake may cause gastrointestinal discomfort.
Areas of Study Related:
Exercise physiology, Neurobiology, Cardiovascular health, Nutritional biochemistry.